Everything about The Siege Of Barcelona totally explained
The
Siege of Barcelona was a battle at the end of the
War of Spanish Succession (1701-1714), which pitted
Archduke Charles (backed by
Britain,
Austria, and the
Netherlands), against
Philip V, backed by
France and
Spain in a contest for Spanish lands.
Prelude
During the early part of the war,
Barcelona had fallen to the forces of Archduke Charles: his fleet had anchored in the port on August 22, 1705, landing troops which surrounded the city. These troops later captured the fort of
Montjuic, and used it to bombard the city into its submission on October 9 of that year.
Battle
Even though the freshly defeated
Catalan court then supported the Archduke against Philip V, the Franco-Spanish forces were not strong enough to attempt a recapture of the city until 1713. By July 25 of that year, the city was surrounded by Bourbon forces, but attacks upon it were unfruitful due to the scarcity of artillery. The Bourbons then waited for a 20,000 man reinforcement force, which arrived in April-May of 1714. The assault was renewed under the command of the
Duke of Berwick, and after entering the city on the 30th of August, the Bourbons finally triumphed on September 11. This date is now commemorated as the
National Day of Catalonia.
Aftermath
The war's end in 1714, with the surrender of the pro-Archduke forces to a Franco-Spanish army, marks a two century long period of greater suppression of Catalan autonomy. The defenders of the city were buried in a cemetery, now a plaza,
Fossar de les Moreres, where Catalans gather every September 11.
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